• Special Use：Cutting Tools, Measuring Tools, Cutters in Common Steel, High-strength Steel Plate, Wear Resistant Steel, Silicon Steel
• Stock：Stock
• Thick：1.0-100mm
• Length：5800-12000mm
• MOQ：1ton
• Leading Time：7-30days
• Hardness：300-550HBV
• Tolerance：1%
• Testing：Third Party Inspection Available
• Processing Service：Bending Cutting Welding
• Trading Term：CIF CFR Fob EXW
• Finished：2b 8K No.1
• Ni：9.02
• Transport Package：Waterproof Package
• Specification：20.00
• Trademark：wuxi hengchengtai special steel
• Origin：Wuxi, China (Mainland)
• HS Code：7208389000
• Production Capacity：50000ton Per Month

Material #EN 10028-2DIN 17155BS 1501ASTMJIS G31151.0345P235GHHI161 Gr. 360 / 164 Gr. 360A 285 Gr. C-A 414 Gr. C / A 516 Gr. 55SPV 241.0425P265GHHII161 Gr. 400 / 164 Gr. 400 / 224 Gr. 400A 414 Gr. E / A 516 Gr. 60 1.0481P295GH17 Mn 4224 Gr. 490A 414 Gr. F / A 516 Gr. 65SPV 321.0473P355GH19 Mn 6 A 414 Gr. GSPV 361.541516Mo315 Mo 31503 - 243 BA 204 Gr. B 1.733513CrMo4-513CrMo 4 4620 Gr. 27A 387 Gr. 12 1.73810CrMo9-1010CrMo 9 10622 Gr. 31A 387 Gr. 22 1.738311CrMo9-10  

A grade with following chemical composition shows good mechanical properties at cryogenic temperatures:

C - 0.072%
Mn - 16%
P - 0.02%
S - 0.008%
Si - 0.41%
Ni - 5.85%
Cr - 17.8%
N - 0.36%
Fe - Remainder
(The composition is given for plates with 12.7mm thickness)

The material combination of high strength, good toughness, and weldability should prompt designers to specify it for welded pressure vessels for the storage of cryogens.
Steels for Low-Temperature

When designing low-temperature systems or equipment, the engineer finds that notch toughness ranks high in importance, because a part or structure will generally fail due to a notch or other stress concentration. Test results measure the steels capacity to absorb energy, and thus signify its ability to resist failure at points of local stress concentration.

Fatigue limit of steel also must be considered. At low temperatures, systems are usually subjected to dynamic loads, and structural members to cycle stresses. Examples include vessels that frequently undergo pressure changes and large structures and mobile equipment that experience extreme stress imposed by packed snow or high winds. Other considerations include heat conductivity and thermal expansion.

Higher strength with good notch toughness is available in carbon steels A 537 Grade A and A 537 grade B. Their can be earlier normalized or quenched and tempered to raise yield and tensile strength and impact toughness beyond those of the A 516`s. Table 1 shows mechanical properties at low temperatures for some typical ASTM carbon steels.

Table 1. Specifications for Low-temperature Steels

DesignationLowest usual service temperature, (°C)Min Yield Strength (MPa)Tensile Strength (MPa)Min Elongation, L0= 50 mm (%)UsesA442 Gr. 55-45221379 - 44826Welded pressure vessels and storage tanks; refrigeration; transport equipmentA442 Gr. 60-45221414 - 49623 A516 Gr. 55-45207379 - 44827 A516 Gr. 60-45221414 - 49625 A516 Gr. 65-45241448 - 53123 A516 Gr. 70-45262483 - 58621 A517 Gr. F-45690792 - 93116Highly stressed vesselsA537 Gr. A-60345483 - 62022Offshore drilling platforms, storage tanks, earthmoving equipmentA537 Gr. B-60414551 - 69022 A203 Gr. A-60255448 - 53123Piping for liquid propane, vessels, tanksA203 Gr. B-60276482 - 58621 A203 Gr. D-101255448 - 53123Land-based storage for liquid propane, carbon dioxide, acetylene, ethane and ethyleneA203 Gr. E-101276482 - 58621 A533 Gr. 1-73345552 - 69018Nuclear reactor vessels where low ambient toughness required for hydrostatic testing; some chemical and petroleum equipmentA533 Gr. 2-73482620 - 79316 A533 Gr. 3-73569690 - 86216 A543 Gr. 1-107586724 - 86214Candidate material with high notch toughness for heavy-wall pressure vesselsA543 Gr. 2-107690793 - 93114 

Since a variety of low-temperature steels are available, the engineer must consider the advantages each has to offer according to the application. The cost-strength ratio is but one factor; others, such as welding and fabrication costs, have equal or greater bearing on final costs. However, heat-treated carbon grades are often used for low-temperature services. Besides offering excellent low-temperature toughness plus fabricability, these grades are lower in initial cost.